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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Information 

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a life-threatening condition characterized by severe skin rash, blisters in the mucous membranes and shedding of the skin. The disease is very serious and can result in lasting complications and death. A more severe form of the same condition is toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Symptoms of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are associated with painful SJS symptoms that affect the skin and mucous membranes. Symptoms include:

  • Reddish-purple rash
  • Sore throat
  • Sores in the mucous membranes, typically in the mouth, eyes, nose and genitals
  • Shedding of the skin (referred to as sloughing)

Patients will also experience fever, body aches, chills and fatigue. When the rash affects 10 percent or less of the body surface, it is Stevens-Johnson syndrome. It becomes classified as toxic epidermal necrolysis when it spreads to more than 30 percent.

Complications of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Both forms of the disease are life threatening and must be treated immediately. The active stage of the blistering and shedding of the skin may last from one to 14 days. During this time, the skin will die and peel off. A person affected by this condition will lose large amounts of water and salt through the loss of skin and can suffer dehydration. He or she will likely be treated at a burn unit, and will be given fluids intravenously.

The wounds are painful and are susceptible to infection. Cool, wet compresses will be applied to soothe the area and antibiotics will likely be administered to fight off infection. Severe infection can lead to death.

Patients are at risk of suffering long-term side effects from both Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Some potential complications include severe scarring, permanent blindness and organ failure.

Causes of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

The leading cause of Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe reaction to a medication. Many cases have been linked to the following types of drugs:

  • Sulfa antibiotics
  • Barbiturates
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Please follow the link below for more information on the drugs associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

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